Assessment Test

1. What is the basic purpose of a local area network (LAN)?

   1. To interconnect networks in several different buildings
   2. To connect one or more computers together so they can share resources
   3. To interconnect 2 to 10 routers
   4. To make routers unnecessary

2. You need a topology that is easy to troubleshoot and scalable. Which would you use?

   1. Bus
   2. Star
   3. Mesh
   4. Ring

3. IP resides at which layer of the OSI model?

   1. Application
   2. Data Link
   3. Network
   4. Physical

4. Layer 2 of the OSI model is named .

   1. Application layer
   2. Network layer
   3. Transport layer
   4. Data Link layer

5. Which RG rating of coax is used for cable modems?

   1. RG-59
   2. RG-58
   3. RG-6
   4. RG-8

6. Which UTP wiring uses four twisted wire pairs (eight wires) and is rated for 250 MHz?

   1. Category 3 UTP
   2. Category 5 STP
   3. Category 5 UTP
   4. Category 6 UTP

7. If you are running half-duplex Internet, which of the following is true? (Choose all that apply.)

   1. Your digital signal cannot transmit and receive data at the same time.
   2. Hosts use the CSMA/CD protocol to detect collisions.
   3. The physical connection consists of one wire pair.
   4. None of the above.

8. You need to connect a hub to a switch. You don’t like this idea because you know that it will create congestion. What type of cable do you need to use to connect the hub to the switch?

   1. EtherIP
   2. Crossover
   3. Straight-through
   4. Cable Sense, Multiple Access

9. Your boss asks you why you just put in a requisition to buy a bunch of switches. He said he just bought you a bunch of hubs five years ago! Why did you buy the switches?

   1. Because each switch port is its own collision domain.
   2. The cable connecting devices to the hub wore out, and switches were cheaper than new cable.
   3. There were too many broadcast domains, and a switch breaks up broadcast domains by default.
   4. The hubs kept repeating signals but quit recognizing frames and data structures.

10. Which device would connect network segments together, creating separate collision domains for each segment but only a single broadcast domain?

    1. Hub
    2. Router
    3. Switch
    4. Modem

11. Most Application layer protocols use only UDP or TCP at the Transport layer. Which of the following could use both?

    1. TCP
    2. Microsoft Word
    3. Telnet
    4. DNS

12. HTTP, FTP, and Telnet work at which layer of the OSI model?

    1. Application
    2. Presentation
    3. Session
    4. Transport

13. IPv6 uses multiple types of addresses. Which of the following would describe an anycast address used by an IPv6 host?

    1. Communications are routed to the most distant host that shares the same address.
    2. Packets are delivered to all interfaces identified by the address. This is also called one-to-many addressing.
    3. This address identifies multiple interfaces, and the anycast packet is only delivered to one address. This address can also be called one-to-one-of-many.
    4. Anycast is a type of broadcast.

14. Which of the following IP addresses are not allowed on the Internet? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. 11.255.255.1
    2. 10.1.1.1
    3. 172.33.255.0
    4. 192.168.0.1

15. What is the subnetwork address for a host with the IP address 200.10.5.168/28?

    1. 200.10.5.156
    2. 200.10.5.132
    3. 200.10.5.160
    4. 200.10.5.0
    5. 200.10.5.255

16. If you wanted to verify the local IP stack on your computer, what would you do?

    1. Ping 127.0.0.0
    2. Ping 127.0.0.1
    3. Telnet 1.0.0.127
    4. Ping 169.5.3.10
    5. Telnet 255.255.255.255

17. The OSI model uses an encapsulation method to describe the data as it is encapsulated at each layer. What is the encapsulation named at the Data Link layer?

    1. Bits
    2. Packets
    3. Frames
    4. Data
    5. Segments

18. Where does a Data Link layer frame have to carry a Network layer packet if the packet is destined for a remote network?

    1. Router
    2. Physical medium
    3. Switch
    4. Another host

19. Which of the following are not distance vector routing protocols? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. OSPF
    2. RIP
    3. RIPv2
    4. IS-IS

20. Which of the following uses both distance vector and link state properties?

    1. IGRP
    2. OSPF
    3. RIPv1
    4. EIGRP
    5. IS-IS

21. You need to break up broadcast domains in a Layer 2 switched network. What strategy will you use?

    1. Implement a loop-avoidance scheme.
    2. Create a flatter network structure using switches.
    3. Create a VLAN.
    4. Disable the spanning tree on individual ports.

22. Why do most switches run the Spanning Tree Protocol by default?

    1. It monitors how the network is functioning.
    2. It stops data from forwarding until all devices are updated.
    3. It prevents switching loops.
    4. It manages the VLAN database.

23. Which of the following describes MIMO correctly?

    1. A protocol that requires acknowledgment of each and every frame
    2. A data-transmission technique in which several frames are sent by several antennas over several paths and are then recombined by another set of antennas
    3. A modulation technique that allows more than one data rate
    4. A technique that packs smaller packets into a single unit, which improves throughput

24. Which two practices help secure your wireless access points from unauthorized access? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Assigning a private IP address to the AP
    2. Changing the default SSID value
    3. Configuring a new administrator password
    4. Changing the mixed-mode setting to single mode
    5. Configuring traffic filtering

25. IPSec is defined at what layer of the OSI model?

    1. Network
    2. Physical
    3. Layer 4
    4. Layer 7

26. You want your users to log in and authenticate before they can get onto your network. Which of the following services would you use?

    1. RADIUS
    2. DNS
    3. Virtual Network Computing
    4. Remote Desktop Protocol

27. Someone calls you and asks for your bank account number because the bank is having problems with your account. You give them this information and later find out that you were scammed. What type of attack is this?

    1. Phishing
    2. Calling scam
    3. Analog scam
    4. Trust-exploration attack
    5. Man-in-the-middle attack
    6. Rogue access point

28. Which of the following are types of denial-of-service attacks? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Ping of Death
    2. Stacheldraht
    3. SYN flood
    4. Virus FloodSyn

29. You want to stop a hacker in their tracks. Which of the following devices are proactive in providing this service?

    1. Access control list (ACL)
    2. Content filtering
    3. Security zones
    4. Intrusion prevention system (IPS)
    5. Network Address Translation
    6. Virtual LANs

30. You connected your company to the Internet, and security is a concern. What should you install?

    1. Higher-quality cables
    2. Firewall
    3. DNS
    4. Switches

31. Which of the following are WAN protocols or technologies? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. ATM
    2. ISDN
    3. MPLS
    4. RIP

32. The rate at which the Frame Relay switch agrees to transfer data is referred to as .

    1. BE
    2. FECN
    3. CIR
    4. BECN

33. Which two arp utility switches perform the same function?

    1. –g
    2. –Z
    3. –d
    4. –a
    5. -h
    6. -b

34. You need to purge and reload the remote NetBIOS name table cache. Which nbtstat utility switch will you use?

    1. –r
    2. –R
    3. /r
    4. /R
    5. -a
    6. -A

35. Which tool is used to attach ends to network cables?

    1. Punch-down tool
    2. Crimper
    3. VLAN tool
    4. Strippers
    5. ARP tool

36. You are using a TDR. Which of the following actions can you do with this device? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Estimate cable lengths
    2. Find splice and connector locations and their associated loss amounts
    3. Display unused services
    4. Define cable-impedance characteristics

37. Which of the following are considered cabling issues? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Crosstalk
    2. Shorts
    3. Open impedance mismatch
    4. DNS configurations

38. You have just tested your theory of a problem to determine the cause. Based on the standard troubleshooting model, what is your next step?

    1. Question the obvious.
    2. Establish a theory of probable cause.
    3. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential effects.
    4. Verify full system functionality, and if applicable, implement preventative measures.

39. Which network performance optimization technique can delay packets that meet certain criteria to guarantee usable bandwidth for other applications?

    1. Traffic shaping
    2. Jitter control
    3. Logical network mapping
    4. Load balancing
    5. Access lists

40. You need to optimize network traffic by spreading it across multiple connections. Which strategy should be used?

    1. Load balancing
    2. Traffic shaping
    3. Adding VLANs
    4. A 1 Gbps connection
    5. Following the regulations

Answers to Assessment Test

1. B. LANs generally have a geographic scope of a single building or smaller. They can be simple (two hosts) to complex (with thousands of hosts). See Chapter 1 for more information.

2. B. Star topologies are the easiest to troubleshoot and can easily scale to large sizes. See Chapter 1 for more information.

3. C. IP is a Network layer protocol. Internet Explorer is an example of an Application layer protocol, Ethernet is an example of a Data Link layer protocol, and T1 can be considered a Physical layer protocol. See Chapter 2 for more information.

4. D. Layer 2 of the OSI model is the Data Link layer, which provides the physical transmission of the data and handles error notification, network topology, and flow control. See Chapter 2 for more information.

5. C. Cable modems use RG-6 coax cables. See Chapter 3 for more information.

6. D. To get the high data-transfer speed, like 1 Gbps, you need to use a wire standard that is highly rated, such as Category 5e or Category 6. See Chapter 3 for more information.

7. A, B, C. With half duplex, you are using one wire pair with a digital signal either transmitting or receiving (but not both at once). Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) helps packets that are transmitted simultaneously from different hosts share bandwidth evenly. See Chapter 4 for more information.

8. B. To connect two switches together or a hub to a switch, you need a crossover cable. See Chapter 4 for more information.

9. A. For the most part, switches are not cheap; however, one of the biggest benefits of using switches instead of hubs in your internetwork is that each switch port is actually its own collision domain. A hub creates one large collision domain. Switches still can’t break up broadcast domains (do you know which devices do?). Hubs do not recognize frames and data structures but switches do. See Chapter 5 for more information.

10. C. A switch creates separate collision domains for each port but does not break up broadcast domains by default. See Chapter 5 for more information.

11. D. DNS uses TCP for zone exchanges between servers and UDP when a client is trying to resolve a hostname to an IP address. See Chapter 6 for more information.

12. A. HTTP, FTP, and Telnet use TCP at the Transport layer; however, they are all Application layer protocols, so the Application layer is the best answer for this question. See Chapter 6 for more information.

13. C. Anycast is a new type of communication that replaces broadcasts in IPv4. Anycast addresses identify multiple interfaces, which is the same as multicast; however, the big difference is that the anycast packet is delivered to only one address: the first one it finds defined in terms of routing distance. This address can also be called one-to-one-of-many. See Chapter 7 for more information.

14. B, D. The addresses in the ranges 10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255 and 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255 as well as 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.255 are all considered private, based on RFC 1918. Use of these addresses on the Internet is prohibited so that they can be used simultaneously in different administrative domains without concern for conflict. See Chapter 7 for more detail on IP addressing and information on private IP addresses.

15. C. This is a pretty simple question. A /28 is 255.255.255.240, which means that our block size is 16 in the fourth octet. 0, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, and so on. The host is in the subnet 160. See Chapter 8 for more information.

16. B. To test the local stack on your host, ping the loopback interface of 127.0.0.1. See Chapter 8 for more information.

17. C. The Data Link layer is responsible for encapsulating IP packets into frames and for providing logical network addresses. See Chapter 9 for more information.

18. A. Packets specifically have to be carried to a router in order to be routed through a network. On your local computer, the IP address of this router is displayed as the gateway address. See Chapter 9 for more information.

19. A, D. RIP and RIPv2 are distance vector routing protocols. OSPF and IS-IS are link state. See Chapter 10 for more information.

20. D. EIGRP is called a hybrid routing protocol because it uses the characteristics of both distance vector and link state routing protocols. However, EIGRP can only be run on Cisco routers and is not vendor neutral. The new CompTIA objectives mention BGP as a hybrid routing protocol. See Chapter 10 for more information.

21. C. Virtual LANs break up broadcast domains in Layer 2 switched internetworks. See Chapter 11 for more information.

22. C. The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to stop Layer 2 loops. All enterprise model switches have STP by default. See Chapter 11 for more information.

23. B. Part of the 802.11n wireless standard, MIMO sends multiple frames by several antennas over several paths; they are then recombined by another set of antennas to optimize throughput and multipath resistance. This is called spatial multiplexing. See Chapter 12 for more information.

24. B, C. At a minimum, you need to change the default SSID value on each AP and configure new usernames and passwords on the AP. See Chapter 12 for more information.

25. A. IPSec works at the Network layer of the OSI model (Layer 3) and secures all applications that operate above it (Layer 4 and above). Additionally, because it was designed by the IETF and designed to work with IPv4 and IPv6, it has broad industry support and is quickly becoming the standard for VPNs on the Internet. See Chapter 13 for more information.

26. A. RADIUS combines user authentication and authorization into one profile. See Chapter 13 for more information.

27. A. Social engineering, or phishing, refers to the act of attempting to illegally obtain sensitive information by pretending to be a credible source. Phishing usually takes one of two forms: an email or a phone call. See Chapter 14 for more information.

28. A, B, C. A denial-of-service (DoS) attack prevents users from accessing the system. All of the options are possible denial-of-service attacks except Virus FloodSyn. See Chapter 14 for more information.

29. D. Changing network configurations, terminating sessions, and deceiving the attacker are all actions that can be taken by an intrusion prevention system (IPS) device. These are all proactive approaches to security. See Chapter 15 for more information.

30. B. Firewalls help provide perimeter network security by allowing or denying connections and types of traffic in or out of the network. See Chapter 15 for more information.

31. A, B, C. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is not a WAN protocol but a routing protocol used in local area connections. See Chapter 16 for more information.

32. C. The committed information rate (CIR) is the rate, in bits per second, at which the Frame Relay switch agrees to transfer data. See Chapter 16 for more information.

33. A, D. The arp utility’s –a and –g switches perform the same function. They both show the current ARP cache. See Chapter 17 for more information.

34. B. To purge and reload the remote NetBIOS name cache, you must use nbtstat –R. Remember that the R must be uppercase, and it will not work correctly without the hyphen before it. See Chapter 17 for more information.

35. B. A wire crimper or crimper is used to attach ends onto different types of network cables. See Chapter 18 for more information.

36. A, B, D. Due to sensitivity to any variation and impedance to cabling, options A, B, and D are all reasons you’d use a time-domain reflectometer (TDR). See Chapter 18 for more information.

37. A, B, C. Because most of today’s networks still consist of large amounts of copper cable, they can continue to suffer from the physical issues (the options are not a complete list) that have plagued all networks since the very beginning of networking. See Chapter 19 for more information.

38. C. Based on the standard troubleshooting model, the next step would be to establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential effects. See Chapter 19 for more information.

39. A. Traffic shaping, also known as packet shaping, is another form of bandwidth optimization. See Chapter 20 for more information.

40. A. Load balancing refers to a technique used to spread work out to multiple computers, network links, or other devices. You can load-balance work on servers by clustering servers so that multiple machines all provide the same service. See Chapter 20 for more information.