IP Terminology
Throughout this chapter, you’ll learn several important terms vital to your understanding of the Internet Protocol. Here are a few to get you started:
Bit A bit is one binary digit, either a 1 or a 0.
Byte A byte is 7 or 8 bits, depending on whether parity is used. For the rest of this chapter, always assume a byte is 8 bits.
Octet An octet, made up of 8 bits, is just an ordinary 8-bit binary number. In this chapter, the terms byte and octet are completely interchangeable, and they are typically displayed in decimal up to 255.
Network Address This is the designation used in routing to send packets to a remote network—for example, 10.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0, and 192.168.10.0.
IP Address A logical address used to define a single host; however, IP addresses can be used to reference many or all hosts as well. If you see something written as just IP, it is referring to IPv4. IPv6 will always be written as IPv6.
Broadcast Address The broadcast address is used by applications...
