The IP addresses and subnets
Nowadays, a lot of effort is being made to advance the development of IP addressing technologies. IPv6 addressing is the best example of such an effort. Nevertheless, even though the IPv6 addressing technology is becoming more and more plausible, it still prefers the role of spectator in the great arena of the internet, where IPv4 addressing technology continues to be the norm.
IPv4 network addresses
To communicate with a device on the network, it must be equipped with an IP address. Currently, the addressing technology we use isInternet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) addressing. The label v4 represents the fourth version of IP addressing, as specified in IETF publication RCF 791. However, you will often encounter it as simply an IP address. It is a logical element that consists of 32 bits and identifies a network interface of a given device. It is organized in 4 octets with 8 bits in each of them, divided by a decimal point for simplicity of interpretation (for example...