Virtual desktops
There is perhaps no greater of a deviation from the standard Microsoft vision of Windows than virtual desktops. For those unfamiliar with the topic, the concept is that an installation of Windows is contained in a virtual machine on a host, and the host then holds as many virtual machines as it can to increase density and cost savings for the infrastructure.
Brian Madden wrote a book discussing this triangle sort of problem called VDI Delusion. The crux of the issue is that Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) items such as virtual hosts, high-speed storage, network devices, expensive software licenses, and other technologies quickly add to a large bill. Most organizations tend to think VDI means cost savings; this could not be further from the truth in many instances.
In my opinion, VDI projects that succeed are based on the concepts of control, user experience management, data centralization, or security concerns. The last is (somewhat) questionable in nature in terms of...