Dealing with generators

Given any generator object g, you can perform the following operations on it:

• g(): This scrambles the internal state of the generator and yields its next output.
• g.min(): This tells you the smallest possible output of g() (typically 0).
• g.max(): This tells you the largest possible output of g(). That is, the range of possible outputs of g() is g.min() to g.max() inclusive.
• g.discard(n): This effectively makes n calls to g() and discards the results. In a good library implementation, you'll pay for scrambling the generator's internal state n times, but save any cost associated with computing the next outputs from the state.

Truly random bits with std::random_device

The std::random_device is a generator. Its interface is incredibly simple; it's not even a class template, just a plain old class. Once you've constructed an instance of std::random_device using its default constructor, you can use its overloaded call operator to fetch values of type unsigned int that are uniformly...