The map() function

One of the most well known higher-order functions on collections is map().

Let's say you have a function that receives a list of strings and returns a new list of the same size containing each string concatenated to itself:

val letters = listOf("a", "b", "c", "d")

println(repeatAll(letters)) // [aa, bb, cc, dd]

The task is quite trivial:

fun repeatAll(letters: List<String>): MutableList<String> {
val repeatedLetters = mutableListOf<String>()

for (l in letters) {
        repeatedLetters.add(l + l)
    }
return repeatedLetters
}

But for such a trivial task, we had to write quite a lot of code. What would we have to change in order to capitalize each string instead of repeating it twice? We would like to change only this line:

repeatedLetters.add(l + l) ----> repeatedLetters.add(l.toUpperCase())

But we have to create another function for that.

Of course, in Kotlin, we could pass a function as a second parameter. And since we don't actually care what the type...