Components of security

Security is such a vast topic that even a book to cover it will fall short, let alone a chapter. In this section, we will discuss the base components of security and its definitions. 

The CIA triad

The core of information security mainly focuses on the CIA triad, which stands for confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.

Confidentiality

The data confidentiality principle dictates that access should be allowed only on a need-to-know basis, which means, by default, block all access and only open access when necessary.

Let's take a banking example to elucidate the principles. Say someone comes into the bank and requests to know your bank balance, and is successful. This would be considered a breach in confidentiality.

Integrity

The principle of data integrity is to protect the data from being modified in an unauthorized way while at rest or in motion. The prevention and detection of data tampering falls under this.

Extending the same bank example, say you have given...