Index

A

• activities
  • tracking / Tracking activities
• Ad-hoc, On-demand, Distance Vector (AODV) / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• address frame / Protocol description
• Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) / The reference platform
• analog to digital signal converter (ADC) / Analog input
• API
  • design considerations / API and documentation
• application binary interface (ABI) / Allocating the stack
• application code / Application code
• application protocols
  • about / Application protocols
  • message protocols / Message protocols
  • Representational State Transfer / REST architectural pattern
  • distributed systems / Distributed systems – single points of failure
• appropriate network interfaces
  • selecting / Selecting the appropriate network interfaces
• ARM reference design / ARM reference design
• asynchronous UART-based serial communication / Asynchronous UART-based serial communication

B

• Better Approach To Mobile Ad-hoc Networking (B.A.T.M.A.N.) / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• Block Started by Symbol (BSS) / Linker
• Bluetooth / Bluetooth
• boot code
  • building / Building and running the boot code
  • executing / Building and running the boot code
  • makefile / The makefile
  • application, executing / Running the application
• bootloader / Bootloader
• boot stages
  • about / Multiple boot stages
  • bootloader / Bootloader
  • image, building / Building the image
  • multi-stage system, debugging / Debugging a multi-stage system
  • shared libraries / Shared libraries
• build automation
  • with Make / Build automation

C

• ChibiOS / ChibiOS
• clock management / Clock management
• clock synchronization / Clock and symbol synchronization
• code region / The code region
• code reviews / Code reviews
• concurrency / Concurrency and timeslices
• Configurable Fault Status Register (CFSR) / Fault handlers
• configuration management
  • about / Configuration management
  • revision control / Revision control
  • activities, tracking / Tracking activities
  • code reviews / Code reviews
  • continuous integration / Continuous integration
• configuration registers, MPU
  • MPU Type Register / MPU configuration registers
  • MPU Control Register / MPU configuration registers
  • MPU Region Number Register / MPU configuration registers
  • MPU Region Base Address Register / MPU configuration registers
  • MPU Region Attribute and Size Register / MPU configuration registers
• connected systems / Connected systems
• context switch / Task management, Context switch
• Contiki OS / Contiki OS
• continuous integration / Continuous integration
• Controller Area Network (CAN) / Hardware architecture
• cooperative scheduler / Cooperative scheduler
• Core-Coupled Memory (CCM) / The RAM regions
• Cortex-M instruction set, barriers
  • data memory barrier (DMB) / Order of memory transactions
  • data synchronization barrier (DSB) / Order of memory transactions
  • instruction synchronization barrier (ISB) / Order of memory transactions
• Cortex-M microprocessor
  • characteristic / The Cortex-M microprocessor
  • about / The Cortex-M microprocessor
• Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) / Hardware abstraction
• cross-compilation / C compiler
• cross-compiler / The cross-compiler

D

• DASH7 / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• debugger / Debugger
• deep-sleep modes
  • configuration / Deep-sleep configuration
  • regulator voltage scaling output selection (VOS) / Deep-sleep configuration
  • flash power down in deep-sleep (FPDS) / Deep-sleep configuration
  • power down in deep sleep (PDDS) / Deep-sleep configuration
  • low-power deep sleep (LPDS) / Deep-sleep configuration
  • enable wake-up pin (EWUP) / Deep-sleep configuration
• Destination Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV) / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• development boards / Development boards
• Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU) / Interacting with the target
• Direct Memory Access (DMA) / Programming the peripherals
• distributed embedded systems
  • challenges / Connected systems
• documentation / API and documentation
• Doxygen / API and documentation
• dynamic routing / Mesh networks and dynamic routing

E

• earliest-deadline-first scheduling / Real-time scheduling
• embedded project
  • life cycle / The life cycle of an embedded project
• embedded systems
  • about / Domain definition
  • embedded Linux systems / Embedded Linux systems
  • low-end 8-bit microcontrollers / Low-end 8-bit microcontrollers
  • hardware architecture / Hardware architecture
  • challenges / Understanding the challenge
  • multi-threading / Multithreading
  • future / The future of safe embedded systems
• embedded workflow / Embedded workflow
• emulators / Emulators
• end of conversion (EOC) / Analog input
• Ethernet / Ethernet
• event mask register (EMR) / Interrupt-based input
• Executable and Linkable Format (ELF)
  • about / Linker
  • .text / Linker
  • .rodata / Linker
  • .data / Linker
  • .bss / Linker
• execute in place (XIP) / Flash memory
• execution stack
  • about / The execution stack
  • placement / Stack placement
  • overflows / Stack overflows
  • painting / Stack painting

F

• falling trigger select register (FTSR) / Interrupt-based input
• flash memory / Flash memory
• FreeRTOS / FreeRTOS
• Frosted / Frosted
• functional tests / Functional tests

G

• GCC toolchain
  • about / The GCC toolchain
  • cross-compiler / The cross-compiler
  • compiler, compiling / Compiling the compiler
  • executable, linking / Linking the executable
  • binary format conversion / Binary format conversion
• general-purpose I/O
  • about / General-purpose I/O
  • pin configuration / Pin configuration
  • digital output / Digital output
  • PWM / PWM
  • digital input / Digital input
  • interrupt-based input / Interrupt-based input
  • analog input / Analog input
• Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) / Bluetooth
• generic timers / Generic timers
• Gerrit / Code reviews
• GitLab / Tracking activities
• GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) / C compiler
• GNU Debugger (GDB)
  • about / Debugger
  • session / The GDB session
  • commands / The GDB session
• GNU GCC manual
  • reference / The cross-compiler
• GNU Make
  • URL / Build automation

H

• hardware abstraction / Hardware abstraction
• hardware design / Hardware design
• hardware tools / Hardware tools
• heap
  • management / Heap management
  • custom implementation / Custom implementation
  • newlib, using / Using newlib
  • limiting / Limiting the heap
  • multiple memory pools / Multiple memory pools
  • usage errors / Common heap usage errors

I

• I2C bus
  • about / I2C bus
  • URL / I2C bus
  • protocol / Protocol description
  • clock, stretching / Clock stretching
  • multi-master, detecting / Multi-master
  • controller, programming / Programming the controller
  • interrupt, handling / Interrupt handling
• In-Application Programming (IAP) / Flash memory
• input data register (IDR) / Digital input
• instruction set, Cortex-M3/M4
  • Load Register Exclusive (LDREX) / Semaphore
  • Store Register Exclusive (STREX) / Semaphore
• inter-integrated circuit (I2C) / I2C
• interfaces
  • about / Interfaces and peripherals
  • asynchronous UART-based serial communication / Asynchronous UART-based serial communication
  • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) / SPI
  • inter-integrated circuit (I2C) / I2C
  • Universal Serial Bus (USB) / USB
• International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) / LR-WPAN industrial link-layer extensions
• International Society of Automation (ISA) / LR-WPAN industrial link-layer extensions
• Internet of Things (IoT) / Connected systems
• Internet Protocol (IP) / Connected systems, The Internet Protocols
• interrupt controller
  • about / The interrupt controller
  • peripherals interrupt, configuration / Peripherals interrupt configuration
• interrupt mask register (IMR) / Interrupt-based input
• interrupt service routines (ISR) / The interrupt vector table
• interrupt vector table (IVT)
  • about / The interrupt vector table, The code region
  • startup code / Startup code
  • reset handler / Reset handler
  • stack, allocating / Allocating the stack
  • fault handlers / Fault handlers
• Issue tracking systems (ITSs) / Configuration management

J

• Jenkins / Continuous integration

L

• 6LoWPAN / 6LoWPAN
• Lesser General Public License (LGPL) / Riot OS
• libopencm3 / Hardware abstraction
• life cycle, embedded project
  • about / The life cycle of an embedded project
  • project steps, defining / Defining project steps
  • prototyping / Prototyping
  • refactoring / Refactoring
  • API / API and documentation
  • documentation / API and documentation
• lightweight IP (lwIP) / TCP/IP implementations, ChibiOS
• linker / Linker
• Load Memory Address (LMA) / Memory layout
• LoRa/LoRaWAN / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• low-end 8-bit microcontrollers / Low-end 8-bit microcontrollers
• low-power embedded applications
  • designing / Designing low-power embedded applications
  • busy loops, replacing with sleep mode / Replacing busy loops with sleep mode
  • deep sleep, during longer inactivity periods / Deep sleep during longer inactivity periods
  • clock speed, selecting / Choosing the clock speed
  • power state, transitions / Power state transitions
• low-power IoT systems
  • about / Low-power IoT systems
  • Contiki OS / Contiki OS, Riot OS
  • Riot OS / Riot OS
• low-power operating modes
  • about / Low-power operating modes
  • normal operation mode / Low-power operating modes
  • sleep mode / Low-power operating modes
  • stop mode / Low-power operating modes
  • standby mode / Low-power operating modes
  • wait for interrupt (WFI) / Low-power operating modes
  • wait for event (WFE) / Low-power operating modes
• Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN)
  • about / Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN)
  • industrial link-layer extensions / LR-WPAN industrial link-layer extensions
• Low-Speed External (LSE) oscillator / Standby mode
• Low-Speed Internal (LSI) oscillator / Standby mode

M

• Make
  • about / Build automation
  • used, for build automation / Build automation
• makefile / The makefile
• Media Access Control (MAC) / Network interfaces, Media Access Control
• memory layout / Memory layout
• memory management unit (MMU) / Embedded Linux systems
• memory mapping
  • about / Memory mapping
  • memory model / Memory model and address space
  • address space / Memory model and address space
  • code region / The code region
  • RAM region / The RAM regions
  • peripheral-access region / Peripheral-access regions
  • system region / The system region
  • memory transactions, order / Order of memory transactions
• memory protection unit (MPU)
  • about / The Cortex-M microprocessor, The memory protection unit
  • configuration registers / MPU configuration registers
  • programming / Programming the MPU
• memory segmentation / Memory segmentation
• mesh networks / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• Message-Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) / Message protocols
• microcontroller unit (MCU) / Hardware architecture
• middleware / Middleware
• mobile ad-hoc networks / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• mobile networks / Mobile networks
• Most Significant Bit (MSB) / Protocol description
• move special from register (msr) / Bootloader
• multi-threading / Multithreading
• multiple memory pools / Multiple memory pools
• mutex / Mutex
• mutual exclusion / Mutex

N

• near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) / Selecting the appropriate network interfaces
• Nested Vector Interrupt Controller (NVIC) / The Cortex-M microprocessor, The interrupt controller
• network device drivers / Network device drivers
• network interfaces
  • about / Network interfaces
  • Media Access Control (MAC) / Media Access Control
  • Ethernet / Ethernet
  • Wi-Fi / Wi-Fi
  • Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN) / Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN)
  • 6LoWPAN / 6LoWPAN
  • Bluetooth / Bluetooth
  • mobile networks / Mobile networks
  • Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
  • LoRa/LoRaWAN / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
  • Sigfox / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
  • Weightless / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
  • DASH7 / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• newlib
  • using / Using newlib
  • printf function, using / Newlib printf
• NuttX / NuttX

O

• off-target
  • testing / Testing off-target
• on-the-go (OTG) mode / USB
• Open On-Chip Debugger (OpenOCD)
  • about / Interacting with the target
  • configuring / Interacting with the target
• Optimized Link-State Routing (OLSR) / Mesh networks and dynamic routing

P

• pending interrupt register (PR) / Interrupt-based input
• peripheral-access region / Peripheral-access regions
• peripherals / Interfaces and peripherals
• physical layer transceiver (PHY) / Network interfaces
• POSIX-compliant systems
  • about / POSIX-compliant systems
  • NuttX / NuttX
  • Frosted / Frosted
• power measurement
  • about / Measuring power
  • development boards / Development boards
• preemption / Task management
• priority inheritance / Priority inversion
• priority inversion / Priority inversion
• privilege levels / Privilege levels
• protocols, mesh networks
  • proactive dynamic-routing protocols / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
  • reactive dynamic-routing protocols / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• prototyping / Prototyping
• Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) / PWM

R

• raising trigger select register (RTSR) / Interrupt-based input
• RAM / RAM
• RAM region / The RAM regions
• real-time application platforms
  • about / Real-time application platforms
  • FreeRTOS / FreeRTOS
  • ChibiOS / ChibiOS
• real-time clock (RTC) / Clock management
• real-time systems / Embedded Linux systems
• reduced instruction set computer (RISC) / The reference platform
• refactoring / The life cycle of an embedded project, Refactoring
• reference platform
  • about / The reference platform
  • characteristics / The reference platform
  • selecting / The reference platform
  • ARM reference design / ARM reference design
  • Cortex-M microprocessor / The Cortex-M microprocessor
• Reload Value Register (RVR) / Enabling the SysTick
• Representational State Transfer (REST)
  • architectural pattern / REST architectural pattern
  • about / REST architectural pattern
• Reset and Clock Control (RCC) / Clock configuration
• responsibilities, Transport Layer Security
  • confidentiality / Transport Layer Security
  • authentication / Transport Layer Security
  • integrity / Transport Layer Security
• revision control / Revision control
• Riot OS / Riot OS

S

• scheduler implementation
  • about / Scheduler implementation
  • supervisor calls / Supervisor calls
  • cooperative scheduler / Cooperative scheduler
  • concurrency / Concurrency and timeslices
  • timeslices / Concurrency and timeslices
  • tasks, blocking / Blocking tasks
  • resources, waiting for / Waiting for resources
  • real-time scheduling / Real-time scheduling
• Secure Socket Layer (SSL) / Connected systems
• semaphore / Semaphore
• separate stack-pointer CPU register, Cortex-M
  • Master Stack Pointer (MSP) / Privilege levels
  • Process1 Stack Poitner (PSP) / Privilege levels
• serial clock (SCL) / I2C
• serial communication
  • about / Introducing serial communication
  • symbol synchronization / Clock and symbol synchronization
  • clock synchronization / Clock and symbol synchronization
  • bus, wiring / Bus wiring
  • peripherals, programming / Programming the peripherals
• serial data (SDA) / I2C
• Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
  • about / SPI, SPI bus
  • protocol / Protocol description
  • transceiver, programming / Programming the transceiver
  • transactions / SPI transactions
  • interrupt-based SPI transfers / Interrupt-based SPI transfers
• serial ports / Asynchronous UART-based serial communication
• shunt resistor / Measuring power
• Sigfox / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• slave select (SS) signal / SPI
• Slave Select Output Enable (SSOE) flag / Programming the transceiver
• socket communication
  • about / Socket communication
  • securing / Securing socket communication
• software interrupt enable register (SWIER) / Interrupt-based input
• source code, organization
  • about / Source code organization
  • hardware abstraction / Hardware abstraction
  • middleware / Middleware
  • application code / Application code
• ST-Link / Interacting with the target
• stack frame / Context switch
• START condition / Protocol description
• static priority-driven preemptive scheduling / Real-time scheduling
• STOP condition / Protocol description
• supervisor calls / Supervisor calls
• symbol synchronization / Clock and symbol synchronization
• synchronization
  • about / Synchronization
  • semaphore / Semaphore
  • mutex / Mutex
  • priority inversion / Priority inversion
• synchronous communication / The Cortex-M microprocessor
• System-on-Chip (SoC) / Hardware architecture
• system calls / System calls
• system configuration
  • about / System configuration
  • hardware design / Hardware design
  • clock management / Clock management
  • voltage control / Voltage control
  • low-power operating modes / Low-power operating modes
  • deep-sleep modes, configuration / Deep-sleep configuration
  • deep-sleep configuration / Deep-sleep configuration
  • stop mode / Stop mode
  • standby mode / Standby mode
  • wake-up intervals / Wake-up intervals
• System Control Block (SCB) / The Cortex-M microprocessor
• System Control Register (SCR) / Low-power operating modes
• System Control Register (SCR), one-bit flag
  • SLEEPONEXIT (bit 1) / Low-power operating modes
  • SLEEPDEEP (bit 2) / Low-power operating modes
  • SEVONPEND (bit 4) / Low-power operating modes
• system region / The system region
• system resource separation
  • about / System resource separation
  • privilege levels / Privilege levels
  • memory segmentation / Memory segmentation
  • system calls / System calls
• system time
  • about / System time
  • flash wait states, adjusting / Adjusting the flash wait states
  • clock configuration / Clock configuration
  • clock distribution / Clock distribution
  • SysTick, enabling / Enabling the SysTick

T

• target interactions
  • about / Interacting with the target
  • GDB session / The GDB session
• task block / The task block
• task management / Task management
• tasks
  • creating / Creating tasks
• TCP/IP stack
  • about / The Internet Protocols
  • implementation / TCP/IP implementations
  • network device drivers / Network device drivers
  • executing / Running the TCP/IP stack
  • socket communication / Socket communication
  • mesh networks / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
  • dynamic routing / Mesh networks and dynamic routing
• test-driven development (TDD) / Functional tests
• timeslices / Concurrency and timeslices
• Tock / Process isolation – Tock
• toolchain / Workflow overview
• Transport Layer Security / Transport Layer Security
• Transport Layer Security (TLS) / Connected systems, Middleware, Transport Layer Security

U

• UART-based asynchronous serial bus
  • about / UART-based asynchronous serial bus
  • protocol / Protocol description
  • controller, programming / Programming the controller
  • Hello world! program / Hello world!
  • newlib printf function, using / Newlib printf
  • data, receiving / Receiving data
  • interrupt-based input/output / Interrupt-based input/output
• unicore-mx / Hardware abstraction
• Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) / Asynchronous UART-based serial communication
• Universal Serial Bus (USB) / USB

V

• validation
  • about / Validation
  • functional tests / Functional tests
  • hardware tools / Hardware tools
  • off-target, testing / Testing off-target
  • emulators / Emulators
• Vector Table Offset Register (VTOR) / Bootloader
• version control system (VCS)
  • about / Revision control
  • master / Revision control
  • trunk / Revision control
  • commit / Revision control
  • HEAD / Revision control
  • branch / Revision control
• Virtual Memory Address (VMA) / Memory layout
• voltage control / Voltage control

W

• wait for interrupt (WFI) / Enabling the SysTick
• wake-up flag (WUF) / Deep-sleep configuration
• wake-up intervals / Wake-up intervals
• watchdog / The watchdog
• Weightless / Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs)
• Wi-Fi / Wi-Fi
• wolfMQTT / Message protocols
• workflow
  • overview / Workflow overview
  • C compiler / C compiler
  • linker / Linker
  • build automation / Build automation
  • debugger / Debugger
  • embedded workflow / Embedded workflow