Python concepts

Let's first understand a few concepts of Python, which we will use in this book.

Modules

A module basically allows you to logically organize your programming code. It is similar to any other Python program. They are needed in scenarios where we need only a bit of code to be imported instead of the entire program. A module can be a combination of one or multiple functions classes, and many more. We will use a couple of inbuilt functions, which are a part of the Python library. Also, wherever needed, we will create our own modules.

The following example code showcases the structure of modules:

    #myprogram.py 
    ### EXAMPLE PYTHON MODULE
    # Define some variables:
    numberone = 1
    age = 78

    # define some functions
    def printhello():
     print "hello"

    def timesfour(input):
     print input * 4

    # define a class
    class house:
     def __init__(self):
         self.type = raw_input("What type of house? ")
         self.height = raw_input("What height...