Deep learning

Deep learning has grown in popularity in recent years, and has started a revolution in the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). Though some of the techniques are not new, a growing volume of data and availability of cheap computing power has enabled deep learning's widespread adoption. In this chapter, you will learn the basic deep learning concepts and vocabulary that will be required in the rest of the book. 

Deep learning is a technique that enables machines or computers to learn and make predictions from raw data, in contrast to the traditional method of hardcoded rules or algorithms. It is a branch of machine learning (ML) that is, in turn, a branch of AI. Deep learning techniques are loosely inspired by neuroscience.

Perceptron

To start, we will introduce the perceptron model. The perceptron is the simplest neural network model. It can learn a linear mapping based on the input and output when trained on a labeled training dataset. A linear mapping is the sum of a product...