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TypeScript 2.x By Example
TypeScript 2.x By Example

TypeScript 2.x By Example: Build engaging applications with TypeScript, Angular, and NativeScript on the Azure platform

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Profile Icon Sachin Ohri
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Paperback Dec 2017 372 pages 1st Edition
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Paperback Dec 2017 372 pages 1st Edition
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TypeScript 2.x By Example

Chapter 2. Our First Application – Sports News Combinator

In the last chapter, we got a glimpse into the world of TypeScript. We looked at the features of TypeScript, which allow us to write more manageable, robust, and error-free code. TypeScript is a powerful language that provides the right balance between the flexibility of JavaScript and features, such as types and interfaces, which provide checks at design and compile time.

In this chapter, we will start by digging deeper into the feature set of TypeScript, and will also introduce the Angular framework. As with the subject of this book, we will use real-world examples to gain a better understanding of the features.

This chapter will focus on the following topics:

  • Sports News Combinator (SNC): We will start by introducing our first application and its feature set, which we will build.
  • Types in TypeScript: Types play an important role in TypeScript, and we will delve deeper into the various types available in TypeScript, type inference,...

Sports News Combinator (SNC)


SNC is a single-page web application that provides a unified interface to view the latest sports news from various news outlets. We will be fetching news from NFL, Fox Sports, ESPN, and BBC Sport. We will have four tabs in SNC, each providing the top 10 articles from the respective news outlet. When the user clicks on any of the article links, SNC will redirect the user to the respective website.

This application will be large enough to showcase application features, and small enough not to distract us with the intricacies of applications, and will help us learn the fundamental concepts of TypeScript and Angular.

The following screenshot shows the final version of our application:

Downloading the code

The code for SNC can be downloaded from GitHub at https://github.com/sachinohri/SportsNewsCombinator.git. We will build our application incrementally, with each chapter adding features while discussing the concepts of TypeScript and Angular. So, it makes sense that...

Type System


If there is one feature in TypeScript that stands out from its competitor, it is Type System, and how TypeScript uses types to help write better code. Types in TypeScript are one of the easiest features to understand and use, thus providing the maximum productivity boost for a new developer to TypeScript.

To develop any application with TypeScript, understanding types and their features is very important. Hence, we will look at the following topics in this section, which will then help us when we start working on our application:

  • Variables: We will start by looking at how to declare variables and constants in TypeScript. We will also look at the let and const keywords, which were introduced in ES 2015 to provide better scoping. 
  • Types: We will then shift our focus to looking at types provided by TypeScript, which include both primitive and custom types.
  • Type inference: Then we will look at how TypeScript uses type inference to help identify the types.
  • Type compatibility: TypeScript...

Classes in TypeScript


If we are developing any application using TypeScript, be it a small-scale or a large-scale application, we will use classes to manage our properties and methods. Prior to ES 2015, JavaScript did not have the concept of classes, and we used functions to create class-like behavior. TypeScript introduced classes as part of its initial release, and now we have classes in ES6 as well. The behavior of classes in TypeScript and JavaScript ES6 closely relates to the behavior of any object-oriented language that you might have worked on, such as Java or C#.

Object-oriented programming in TypeScript

Object-oriented programming allows us to represent our code in the form of objects, which themselves are instances of classes holding properties and methods. Classes form the container of related properties and their behavior. Modeling our code in the form of classes allows us to achieve various features of object-oriented programming, which helps us write more intuitive, reusable...

SNC – 101


It's time to jump in over our heads by building our first application. At the start of the chapter, we briefly discussed what the application is all about and how the finished product will look. We will be building this application gradually, starting in this chapter and then adding features to the application in Chapter 3Sports News Combinator - Adding Features, and Chapter 4, Sports News Combinator - the Final Version. With each new feature, we will first discuss the feature and then implement it.

SNC is an SPA built with Angular and TypeScript. We will be using Angular 4 as our frontend framework, and all the code written in Angular will be in TypeScript. This book does not assume that the reader is proficient in Angular, and hence we will be explaining Angular concepts as we go along. 

In the second-half of this chapter, we will focus on the following items of our SNC application:

  • Introduction to Angular: As our application is built on top of the Angular framework, it makes...

Creating our model


Before we start building our first component, let's first create our model. A model is an entity that represents some logical data. Here, in our case, we will have two primary models, namely news and articles. The article model represents the articles that are fetched from the specific website, and the news model is the enclosing model of articles that will contain the array of articles.

In this chapter, we are not making a live web service call to fetch the articles, but will just hardcode the data to show the initial binding aspect of the application. But it is useful to understand the data format from the web service response so that we can identify the model structure that needs to be created. The following is one such response from NFL news:

{
"status": "ok",
"source": "nfl-news",
"sortBy": "top",
"articles": [
    {
     "author": "Lakisha Jackson",
     "title": "Mike Williams denies report on season-
    ending surgery",
     "description": "Los Angeles Chargers...

First component – NewsComponent


Components are the building blocks of the Angular application. Each component represents some functionality of the application which, when combined with other components, provides a rich user experience. Angular components consist of four parts:

  • Template
  • Class, which is written in TypeScript
  • Metadata, which tells Angular about the class
  • Import statements, which provide reference to other components and services of the application

The following is a graphical representation of the composition of a component:

Template

The template provides the user interface of the component. It's created in HTML and details the elements that are represented in that component. The template for the component can be defined either inline, or in a separate file. We can create an inline template in two ways:

  • We can use a template property in the @Component decorator and define the HTML in single or double quotes. We will read about the @Component decorator in the next chapter. The following...

Summary


In this chapter, our focus was to start with our first application and, in doing so, go through some of the features of TypeScript and Angular. We learned about data types in TypeScript, and the type inference feature of TypeScript, which allows TypeScript to identify the types implicitly for the variable defined. Then we looked at the classes provided in TypeScript and how TypeScript provides us with the object-oriented feature to help produce better code. 

Our application is built with Angular and TypeScript, so it was necessary to have an understanding of Angular concepts, which was the next topic that we discussed. We looked at Angular architecture, and discovered what components are and how are they composed. We are building our application with Angular CLI, a command-line interface that provides the ability to create a barebone project with all the required configuration in place.

Then we started building our project by defining its high-level architecture and code setup. We...

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Key benefits

  • Begin with the fundamentals of TypeScript and learn how to write better JavaScript code
  • Build three amazing applications throughout the book
  • Leverage the power of tools such as Angular 2 and NativeScript to build for the web as well as for mobile

Description

The TypeScript language, compiler, and open source development toolset brings JavaScript development up to the enterprise level. It allows you to use ES5, ES6, and ES7 JavaScript language features today, including classes, interfaces, generics, modules, and more. Its simple typing syntax enables building large, robust applications using object-oriented techniques and industry-standard design principles. This book aims at teaching you how to get up and running with TypeScript development in the most practical way possible. Taking you through two exciting projects built from scratch, you will learn the basics of TypeScript, before progressing to functions, generics, promises, and callbacks. Then, you’ll get to implement object-oriented programming as well as optimize your applications with effective memory management. You’ll also learn to test and secure your applications, before deploying them. Starting with a basic SPA built using Angular, you will progress on to building, maybe, a Chat application or a cool application. You’ll also learn how to use NativeScript to build a cool mobile application. Each of these applications with be explained in detail, allowing you to grasp the concepts fast. By the end of this book, you will have not only built two amazing projects but you will also have the skills necessary to take your development to the next level.

Who is this book for?

Web developers who would like to learn how to use TypeScript to build amazing applications will benefit from this book.

What you will learn

  • Design your first project in Visual Studio
  • Learn about the different data types in TypeScript
  • Create web applications in an object-oriented fashion using TypeScript
  • Build a Trello application using TypeScript s complex features.
  • Explore the tools available in a web application ecosystem to write unit test cases
  • Deploy web applications to cloud and assign resources to the application
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Table of Contents

10 Chapters
Getting Started with TypeScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Our First Application – Sports News Combinator Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sports News Combinator – Adding Features Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Sports News Combinator – the Final Version Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Application 2 – Trello Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Trello - Adding Features Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Testing the Trello Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Trello - Using Angular CLI Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Trello Mobile – Using NativeScript Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deploying Sample Trello on the Cloud Using Microsoft Azure Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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