Industry 4.0 refers to the fourth industrial revolution. One of its driving technologies is IoT, connecting physical machines digitally with each other and the cloud.
Industrial robots (source: Depositphotos)
According to IoT Fundamentals: Networking Technologies, Protocols, and Use Cases for the Internet of Things, by David Hanes (et al.), (2017, Cisco Press), p 932-933, 1208-1209:
"There are estimates that there are 60 million machines in factories; the vast majority of them are more than 15 years old and 90% are not connected to the internet."
In the airplane industry, preflight security checks involved a lot of manual work—each and every piece of essential equipment had to be checked off a list for the flight to be considered safe. On average, this took 6.5 hours per plane.
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