Chapter 10. Best of Both Worlds and Combining FP Paradigms with OOP

"Objects are closures with multiple methods, closures are objects with a single method. So yes [OOP and FP can be used together]."                                                                                                          - Erik Meijer

In previous chapters, we talked mostly about Functional Programming (FP). We learned various techniques and paradigms of FP. In contrast, we barely touched on object-oriented programming (OOP). Mostly, we talked about the disadvantages of imperative programming. In practice, most of us have to work on applications that are designed by OOP principles. The reality is that even if we do not like OOP, we are stuck with it. For instance, in iOS and Mac OS development, we have to deal with Cocoa and Cocoa Touch frameworks that are designed by OOP principles.

On the other hand, we are familiar with OOP because most of us learned it at some point and some of us find it natural to model...